Passive Periphrastic

Information and Structure of a Passive Periphrastic.

What is a Passive Periphrastic?

A passive verb form consisting of the GERUNDIVE, a common term for the future passive participle, along with a form of sum.
  • The gerundive, as essentially a predicate adjective, agrees with the subject of sum in gender, number, and case.
  • The gerundive often conveys an idea of necessary, obligatory, or appropriate action, rather than simple futurity, and this is the case in the passive periphrastic.

Structure/Formula of a Passive Periphrastic

(nominative subject) + (dative of agent) + (future passive participle/gerundive) + (verb to be)

Ex: Pax hominibus petenda est.

People ought to seek for peace.

Ex: Pax hominibus petenda erat.

Peace was to be sought by men.

Ex: Rex expellendus est.

The king is to be (must be) banished. [can't put this phrase into the active because there's no dative of agent]

Ex: Reges expellendi sunt.

The kings are to be (must be) banished. [can't put this phrase into the active because there's no dative of agent]